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Mac Scelling
Mac Scelling (fl. 1154–1173/1174), also known as Mac Scilling, was a prominent twelfth-century military commander engaged in conflicts throughout Ireland. He is first recorded in 1154 commanding the maritime forces of Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King of Cenél nEógain in a bloody encounter against Toirrdelbach Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht. Muirchertach's naval forces were drawn from the western peripheries of Scotland and the Isles. He next appears on record in 1173/1174, supporting the cause of Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht against the English colonisation of Mide. An early modern Scottish source claims that a man of the same name was a bastard son of Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, King of the Isles. If Mac Scelling was indeed related to Somairle, this relationship could cast light on the latter's conflict with Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of the Isles, a man who appears to have opposed Muirchertach at some point in his career. Although not termed so in contemporary sources, Mac Scelling may be regarded as an early archetype of later gallowglasses, heavily-armed Scottish mercenaries recruited by Irish rulers in centuries that followed.
==In the service of the Meic Lochlainn==
Midway through the twelfth-century, Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King of Cenél nEógain (died 1166) pressed forth to claim to the high-kingship of Ireland, an office then held by elderly Toirrdelbach Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht (died 1156).〔O'Byrne (2005a); O'Byrne (2005c); Duffy (2004).〕 In 1150, Muirchertach invaded Connacht, and succeeded in gaining hostages from the kingdom.〔O'Byrne (2005a); O'Byrne (2005c); Duffy (2004); Simms (2004).〕 Although Muirchertach and Toirrdelbach made peace the following year,〔Duffy (2004).〕 their forces clashed the year after that, with Muirchertach's defeat of Toirrdelbach's son, Ruaidrí (died 1198).〔O'Byrne (2005a); O'Byrne (2005b); O'Byrne (2005c); Duffy (2004); Flanagan (2004b); Simms (2004).〕 In 1154, the forces of Toirrdelbach and Muirchertach again met in a major conflict fought off the Inishowen coast, in what was perhaps one of the greatest naval battles of the twelfth century.〔O'Byrne (2005a); O'Byrne (2005b); O'Byrne (2005c); Duffy (2004); Griffin (2002) pp. 41–42; Duffy (1992) pp. 124–125.〕 According to the ''Annals of the Four Masters'', Muirchertach's maritime forces were mercenaries drawn from Galloway, Arran, Kintyre, Mann, and "the territories of Scotland". The annal-entry further reveals that Mac Scelling himself commanded Muirchertach's forces, and that his teeth were knocked out in the affair.〔''Annals of the Four Masters'' (2013a) 1154.11; ''Annals of the Four Masters'' (2013b) 1154.11; McDonald (2007a) p. 71; Duffy (2004); Simms (2000) p. 12; Duffy (1999) p. 356, 356 n. 68; Ó Corráin (1999) p. 372; Duffy (1992) pp. 124–125; Sellar (1971) p. 29.〕 Although Toirrdelbach's forces obtained a narrow victory, his northern maritime power seems to have been virtually nullified by the severity of the contest,〔Griffin (2002) p. 42.〕 and Muirchertach soon after marched on Connacht,〔O'Byrne (2005a); O'Byrne (2005b); O'Byrne (2005c); Duffy (2004); Griffin (2002) p. 42.〕 Bréifne,〔O'Byrne (2005a); O'Byrne (2005b); Duffy (2004).〕 and Dublin.〔O'Byrne (2005a); Duffy (2004); Griffin (2002) p. 42.〕 As a result of the Dubliners' resulting submission, Muirchertach effectively secured himself the high-kingship.〔Duffy (2004).〕
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